Materials & grades
DD12 / 1.0398 hot-rolled steel sheet and strip (EN 10111, close to ASTM A1011 DS, IS 1079 HR2, JIS SPHD)
DD12 (1.0398) is the drawing-quality grade of EN 10111, a hot-rolled low-carbon strip with lower carbon and more elongation than DD11. Its nearest equivalents are ASTM A1011 DS Type B, IS 1079 HR2 and JIS G 3131 SPHD, but none is identical.
Names by standard
What it is called in each region
| Region | System | Designation | Standard | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USA | ASTM A1011 | DS Type BDrawing steel: the chemistry is tighter than CS (0.02–0.08 % C, Al ≥0.01 %) and, like CS, A1011 sets no tension-test requirement. DS Type A is a close variant. | ASTM A1011/A1011M | Closest equivalent |
| UK | BS EN 10111 | DD12The UK uses the European standard. | BS EN 10111 | Same material |
| BS 1449-1.1 (legacy) | HR2Withdrawn. Total Materia lists HR2 among its implicit equivalents of DS Type B and DD12; Moris pairs HR2 with DD11, so sources disagree. | — | Closest equivalent | |
| EU | EN 10027-1 name | DD12 | EN 10111 | Same material |
| EN 10027-2 number | 1.0398 | EN 10111 | Same material | |
| DIN 1614 (legacy) | StW 23Superseded name usually listed against DD12 (the old number 1.0334 is sometimes quoted). | — | Closest equivalent | |
| India | IS 1079 | HR2Drawing quality. Tensile maximum 420 MPa and elongation minimum 25 % match DD12 as published by Tata Steel. | IS 1079:2017 | Closest equivalent |
| Japan | JIS G 3131 | SPHDDrawing quality. Adds a 270 MPa minimum tensile strength that EN 10111 does not set. | JIS G 3131 | Closest equivalent |
On equivalence
- No equivalent is identical. DD12, ASTM A1011 DS Type B, IS 1079 HR2 and JIS SPHD are all drawing-quality hot-rolled sheet but they set different limits.
- ASTM A1011 DS has no tension-test requirement; the yield and elongation shown for it are typical values from Total Materia, not guarantees.
- Only carbon (0.02–0.08 %) and aluminium (≥0.01 %) could be confirmed for DS Type B from a readable source; manganese, phosphorus and sulphur limits were not found.
- Sources disagree on the legacy BS 1449 grade: Total Materia pairs HR2 with DD12 and DS Type B, Moris pairs HR2 with DD11.
- SPHD's tensile range quoted by Total Materia (270–420 MPa) includes a maximum that the JIS G 3131 tabulation from POSCO does not show; the 270 MPa minimum is the consistent figure.
- SPHD limits follow the current JIS G 3131 listing (Total Materia, Mycron, mwalloys); some supplier tables print the looser Mn 0.50 and P and S 0.040.
Chemical composition
Composition limits, mass %
| Element | DS Type B (partial)USA · ASTM A1011/A1011M | DD12 (1.0398)EU · EN 10111 | SPHDJapan · JIS G 3131 |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 0.02–0.08 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.10 |
| Mn | — | ≤0.45 | ≤0.45 |
| P | — | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
| S | — | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
| Al | ≥0.01 | — | — |
Mechanical properties
Strength and hardness
| Condition | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Elongation | Hardness |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hot rolled (EN 10111 DD12)Specified, thickness under 2 mm; elongation A80 (80 mm gauge)EN 10111 as tabulated by Nippon Steel Slovakia and ArcelorMittal | ≤420 MPa≤60.9 ksi | 170–340 MPa24.7–49.3 ksi | ≥25 % | — |
| Hot rolled (EN 10111 DD12)Specified, thickness 2 to under 3 mm; elongation A80EN 10111 as tabulated by Nippon Steel Slovakia and ArcelorMittal | ≤420 MPa≤60.9 ksi | 170–320 MPa24.7–46.4 ksi | ≥26 % | — |
| Hot rolled (EN 10111 DD12)Specified, thickness 3 to 8 mm; elongation A (5.65√S0 gauge); not specified for 8 to 11 mm in ArcelorMittal's tableEN 10111 as tabulated by Nippon Steel Slovakia and ArcelorMittal | ≤420 MPa≤60.9 ksi | 170–320 MPa24.7–46.4 ksi | ≥30 % | — |
| Hot rolled (IS 1079 HR2)Specified; tensile maximum and elongation minimum as published by Tata Steel; no yield limit shownIS 1079 as published by Tata Steel (Astrum HR2) | ≤420 MPa≤60.9 ksi | — | ≥25 % | — |
| Hot rolled (JIS G 3131 SPHD)Specified; tensile is a minimum; elongation 27 % at 1.4 to under 1.6 mm, 30 % at 1.6 to under 2.0 mm, 32–35 % from 2.0 to under 4 mm, 37 % at 4 mm and overJIS G 3131 grade table as tabulated by Krakatau POSCO | ≥270 MPa≥39.2 ksi | — | 27–37 % | — |
| ASTM A1011 DS Type B (typical)Typical values only, not specified: A1011 DS has no tension-test requirementTotal Materia | — MPa— ksi | 205–310 MPa29.7–45.0 ksi | ≥28 % | — |
In practice
Behaviour, heat treatment and uses
Characteristics
- Lower carbon (≤0.10 %) and manganese (≤0.45 %) than DD11, which gives better elongation and drawing behaviour.
- Maximum yield falls to 340 MPa under 2 mm and 320 MPa from 2 mm, so the steel stays soft for drawing and flanging.
- Phosphorus and sulphur are held to 0.035 % each, lower than DD11.
- Readily weldable with common processes because of the low carbon content; no carbon-equivalent limit is set in EN 10111 for DD grades.
- A mid-grade between commercial DD11 and the deep-drawing grades DD13 and DD14.
Heat treatment
- Supplied hot rolled from the coil; no heat treatment is needed for forming.
- Not hardened; the low carbon content means it does not respond usefully to quenching.
- Pickling and oiling, or hot-dip galvanizing, is applied by agreement.
Impieghi tipici
- Drawn and pressed parts: wheel rims, brackets, housings and covers
- Automotive chassis and underbody parts
- Cylinders, drums, pressure-vessel heads and tank ends
- Pipe and tube blanks and roll-formed sections
Sheet and strip
Similar grades compared
| Classe | C % | Mn % | Cr % | Ni % | Tensile, first listed condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD12 / SPHD | 0.02–0.08 | ≤0.45 | — | — | ≤420 MPa |
| DD11 / SPHC | ≤0.15 | ≤0.60 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.20 | ≤440 MPa |
| DD13 / SPHE | ≤0.08 | ≤0.40 | — | — | ≤400 MPa |
| S355MC | ≤0.23 | ≤1.35 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.20 | 430–550 MPa |
| DC01 / SPCC | 0.02–0.15 | ≤0.60 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.20 | 270–410 MPa |
| DC03 / SPCD | 0.02–0.08 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.20 | 270–370 MPa |
| DC04 / SPCE | ≤0.06 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.20 | 270–350 MPa |
| DC05 / SPCF | ≤0.02 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.10 | 270–330 MPa |
| DC06 / SPCG | ≤0.02 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.10 | 270–330 MPa |
| DX51D / 1.0226 | 0.02–0.15 | ≤0.60 | — | — | 270–500 MPa |
Composition from the US standard where one exists, otherwise the first standard listed on each grade's page. Strength conditions differ between grades; open a grade for its full table.
Domande e risposte
Common questions
What is the equivalent of DD12 steel?
The closest equivalents are ASTM A1011 DS Type B, IS 1079 HR2 and JIS G 3131 SPHD. They are all drawing-quality hot-rolled sheet but are separate specifications with different limits.
Is DD12 the same as SPHD?
No, but they are used interchangeably in many jobs. SPHD sets a 270 MPa minimum tensile strength and allows up to 0.040 % P and S; DD12 sets maximum yield and tensile strength (420 MPa) and limits P and S to 0.035 %.
What are the DD12 yield and tensile strength?
EN 10111 gives DD12 a yield range of 170–340 MPa under 2 mm and 170–320 MPa from 2 mm up, with tensile strength up to 420 MPa. They are bounds, not typical values.
What is the difference between DD11 and DD12?
DD12 has lower carbon (0.10 against 0.12 %) and manganese (0.45 against 0.60 %), a lower maximum tensile strength (420 against 440 MPa) and higher minimum elongation (for example 30 % against 28 % from 3 mm). It forms and draws better.
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Related references
References
Sources
- Nippon Steel Slovakia: EN 10111 drawing steels DD11 to DD14 — Yield, tensile and elongation by thickness band; heat-analysis C, Mn, P, S.
- ArcelorMittal Industry catalogue: EN 10111 hot-rolled grades — Yield, tensile, A80 and A5.65 by thickness; no Si, Al or CEV limit for DD grades.
- Arvedi: steels for cold deformation as per EN 10111 — Material numbers 1.0332, 1.0398, 1.0335, 1.0389; composition limits.
- DIN Media: EN 10111 Continuously hot rolled low carbon steel sheet and strip for cold forming — Scope and title of the standard (thickness up to 11 mm).
- Moris: DD11 steel grade — Lists DIN StW22 and a UK HR2 designation against DD11.
- Krakatau POSCO: hot-rolled coil specification table (MS 1705, JIS grade names SPHC, SPHD, SPHE) — Composition, tensile minimum and elongation by thickness for SPHC, SPHD and SPHE as tabulated for the Malaysian standard that uses the JIS grade names.
- Tata Steel DigECA: Tata Astrum IS 1079 HR2 — Tensile maximum 420 MPa, elongation minimum 25 %.
- Tata Steel DigECA: steel grade chart India — IS 1079 HR1 to HR4 described as commercial, drawing, deep drawing and extra deep drawing quality.
- ASTM A1011/A1011M: hot-rolled carbon, structural, HSLA and UHSS sheet and strip (abstract) — Scope: CS, DS, SS, HSLAS, HSLAS-F and UHSS designations; the standard text is paywalled.
- Total Materia: ASTM A 1011 DS Type B — C 0.02–0.08, Al ≥0.01; typical yield and elongation; EN DD12 listed as an implicit equivalent.
- Total Materia: JIS SPHD — SPHD tensile 270–420 MPa; DD12 listed among equivalents.
Values summarize published limits and typical data. The governing standard and the current edition control; check them before specifying.