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Resources/Materials & grades/S235JR

Materials & grades

S235JR / S235J0 / S235J2 structural steel (EN 10025-2, 1.0038)

S235JR is the lowest-strength general structural steel in EN 10025-2, with a minimum yield of 235 MPa (34 ksi) and a tensile strength of 360–510 MPa. The J0 and J2 variants add Charpy testing at 0 °C and −20 °C, and the nearest equivalents are IS 2062 E250, JIS SS400 and ASTM A283 Grade C.

Names by standard

What it is called in each region

RegionSystemDesignationתקןMatch
USAASTMA283 Grade CLow and intermediate tensile strength carbon steel plate. Minimum yield is 205 MPa (30 ksi), lower than S235JR, and there is no impact test.ASTM A283/A283MClosest equivalent
ASTMA36Higher minimum yield (250 MPa) and a different chemistry. Often substituted for S235JR in the USA; A36 has its own page.ASTM A36/A36MClosest equivalent
UKBS EN 10025-2S235JRThe UK adopts the European standard unchanged.BS EN 10025-2Same material
BS EN 10025-2S235J0BS EN 10025-2Same material
BS EN 10025-2S235J2BS EN 10025-2Same material
BS 4360 (legacy)40A / 40B / 40C / 40DWithdrawn. 40B is the counterpart of S235JR, 40C of S235J0 and 40D of S235J2. Grade 40A had no impact requirement.BS 4360Closest equivalent
EUEN 10027-1 nameS235JREN 10025-2Same material
EN 10027-2 number1.0038Material number of S235JR.EN 10025-2Same material
EN 10027-1 nameS235J0EN 10025-2Same material
EN 10027-2 number1.0114Material number of S235J0.EN 10025-2Same material
EN 10027-1 nameS235J2EN 10025-2Same material
EN 10027-2 number1.0117Material number of S235J2.EN 10025-2Same material
DIN (legacy)St 37-2 / RSt 37-2 / USt 37-2Superseded names for S235JR. St 37-3 (U and N) were the old names for S235J0 and S235J2. Also written Fe 360 B, C and D in EN 10025:1990.DIN 17100Equivalent
הודוIS 2062E250 (A, BR)Minimum yield 250 MPa against 235 MPa, tensile minimum 410 MPa with no maximum. BR is tested at room temperature, B0 at 0 °C and C at −20 °C.IS 2062:2011Closest equivalent
IS 226 (legacy)Fe 410 SWithdrawn standard that older charts list against S235JR; IS 2062 E250 is the current grade.IS 226Closest equivalent
JapanJIS G 3101SS400Minimum yield 245 MPa to 16 mm and tensile 400–510 MPa. Only P and S are limited, and there is no impact test.JIS G 3101Closest equivalent
JIS G 3106SM400A / SM400B / SM400CWelded-structure grades with the same 245 MPa yield. B and C add carbon limits and a 0 °C Charpy test, so they are closer to S235J0 than S235JR.JIS G 3106Closest equivalent

On equivalence

  • No equivalent is exact. S235JR, IS 2062 E250 and JIS SS400 are all general structural steels, but yield, tensile range, chemistry and impact testing differ.
  • S235JR has a minimum yield of 235 MPa. A283 Grade C is lower (205 MPa), and E250 and A36 are higher (250 MPa).
  • Sources disagree on S235JR phosphorus and sulphur under EN 10025-2:2019: Saarstahl and Ovako give 0.040 %, while several other mills still quote the 2004 edition’s 0.035 %. Check the edition and limits on the order.
  • SS400 limits only P and S. SM400B and SM400C set carbon, silicon and manganese and require a 0 °C Charpy test, so they are the closer Japanese match for weldable work.
  • ASTM A1011 Structural Steel Grade 33 (sheet) is sometimes listed with S235JR; it is a thin-gauge product and not a plate or section equivalent.
  • BS 4360 is withdrawn. 40B maps to S235JR, 40C to S235J0 and 40D to S235J2; 40A had no impact test.

Chemical composition

Composition limits, mass %

ElementA283 Grade CUSA · ASTM A283/A283MS235JR (1.0038), up to 40 mmEU · EN 10025-2:2019S235JR (1.0038)EU · EN 10025-2:2004S235J0 (1.0114)EU · EN 10025-2:2004S235J2 (1.0117)EU · EN 10025-2:2004E250 Aהודו · IS 2062:2011E250 BR / B0הודו · IS 2062:2011SS400Japan · JIS G 3101SM400B, up to 50 mmJapan · JIS G 3106
C≤0.24≤0.17≤0.17≤0.17≤0.17≤0.23≤0.22—≤0.20
Si—————≤0.40≤0.40—≤0.35
Mn≤0.90≤1.40≤1.40≤1.40≤1.40≤1.50≤1.50—0.60–1.50
P≤0.030≤0.040≤0.035≤0.030≤0.025≤0.045≤0.045≤0.050≤0.035
S≤0.030≤0.040≤0.035≤0.030≤0.025≤0.045≤0.045≤0.050≤0.035
Cu—≤0.55≤0.55≤0.55≤0.55————
N—≤0.012≤0.012≤0.012—≤0.012≤0.012——
CEV—≤0.35 (≤40 mm); ≤0.38 (40–150 mm)≤0.35≤0.35≤0.35————
CE—————≤0.42≤0.41——

Mechanical properties

Strength and hardness

ConditionTensile strengthYield strengthElongationHardness
As rolled (S235JR)Specified, thickness up to 16 mm; elongation A (5.65√S0) for flat products 3–40 mm is 26 % longitudinal, 24 % transverse; Charpy 27 J at 20 °CEN 10025-2 as declared by Saarstahl and tabulated by Arvedi360–510 MPa52–74 ksi≥235 MPa≥34.1 ksi26 %—
As rolled (S235JR)Specified, thickness over 16 to 40 mm; elongation as aboveEN 10025-2360–510 MPa52–74 ksi≥225 MPa≥32.6 ksi26 %—
As rolled (S235JR)Specified, thickness over 40 to 100 mm; elongation 25 % at 40–63 mm and 24 % at 63–100 mmEN 10025-2 as declared by Saarstahl360–510 MPa52–74 ksi≥215 MPa≥31.2 ksi25 %—
As rolled (S235J0 / S235J2)Same strength values as S235JR; Charpy 27 J at 0 °C (J0) or at −20 °C (J2)EN 10025-2 as tabulated by Arvedi360–510 MPa52–74 ksi≥235 MPa≥34.1 ksi26 %—
As rolled (ASTM A283 Grade C)Specified, plate; elongation 22 % in 200 mm, 25 % in 50 mmASTM A283/A283M as tabulated by AA Steel380–515 MPa55–75 ksi≥205 MPa≥29.7 ksi25 %—
As rolled (IS 2062 E250)Specified, thickness under 20 mm (yield 240 MPa at 20–40 mm, 230 MPa over 40 mm); BR: 27 J at room temperature, B0: 27 J at 0 °C, C: 27 J at −20 °CIS 2062:2011, Table 2≥410 MPa≥59 ksi≥250 MPa≥36 ksi23 %—
As rolled (JIS SS400)Specified, thickness up to 16 mm (yield 235 MPa at 16–40 mm, 215 MPa at 40–100 mm); elongation for plate over 5 to 16 mm, No. 1A test pieceJIS G 3101 as tabulated by Nippon Steel400–510 MPa58–74 ksi≥245 MPa≥35.5 ksi17 %—
As rolled (JIS SM400B)Specified, thickness up to 16 mm; elongation 18 % for plate over 5 to 16 mm; Charpy 27 J at 0 °C above 12 mmJIS G 3106 as tabulated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government400–510 MPa58–74 ksi≥245 MPa≥35.5 ksi18 %—

In practice

Behaviour, heat treatment and uses

Characteristics

  • Readily weldable by all common processes; carbon is limited to 0.17 % and CEV to 0.35 % up to 40 mm.
  • JR, J0 and J2 differ only in impact testing and in tighter P and S limits: 27 J at 20 °C, 0 °C and −20 °C.
  • Good cold formability and machinability for a structural steel.
  • Lower strength than S275 and S355, so it governs where stiffness or deflection, not strength, sets the section size.
  • No inherent corrosion resistance; structures are painted or hot-dip galvanized.

Heat treatment

  • Supplied as rolled; it is not intended to be hardened.
  • The 2019 edition of EN 10025-2 allows delivery as rolled or normalized (+N) when ordered.
  • Preheat is rarely needed for thin sections; thick or highly restrained welds follow the welding procedure for the actual CEV.
  • Stress relieving may be used on welded fabrications where dimensional stability matters.

שימושים אופייניים

  • Building frames, purlins, secondary steelwork and bracing
  • Base plates, brackets, gussets and lightly loaded connections
  • Machine frames, platforms, stairs and general fabrication
  • Tanks, hoppers and light welded structures

Structural and plate steels

Similar grades compared

דרגהC %Mn %Cr %Ni %Tensile, first listed condition
S235JR≤0.24≤0.90——360–510 MPa
A36 / S275JR / E250≤0.250.80–1.20——400–550 MPa
S355J2≤0.23≤1.35——470–630 MPa
A572 Grade 50≤0.23≤1.35——≥450 MPa
A992≤0.230.50–1.60≤0.35≤0.45≥450 MPa
S420 / E410≤0.26≤1.35≤0.30≤0.80520–680 MPa
S460 / A572 Gr 65≤0.23≤1.65≤0.30≤0.80540–720 MPa
A588 / S355J2W≤0.190.80–1.250.40–0.65≤0.40≥485 MPa
A514 / S690QL0.12–0.210.70–1.000.40–0.650.70–1.00760–895 MPa
A516 Gr 70 / P355GH≤0.27 (to 12.5 mm); ≤0.28 (12.5–50 mm); ≤0.30 (50–100 mm); ≤0.31 (100–200 mm)0.85–1.20≤0.30≤0.30485–620 MPa

Composition from the US standard where one exists, otherwise the first standard listed on each grade's page. Strength conditions differ between grades; open a grade for its full table.

תשובות לשאלות

Common questions

What is the equivalent of S235JR in the USA?

ASTM A283 Grade C is the closest plate grade, but it is weaker (205 MPa yield). ASTM A36 is the usual practical substitute. It is stronger (250 MPa yield) and has a different chemistry.

What does JR, J0 and J2 mean in S235JR?

The letters give the Charpy impact test. JR is tested at 20 °C, J0 at 0 °C and J2 at −20 °C, each at 27 J. The number 235 is the minimum yield strength in MPa for up to 16 mm.

Is S235JR the same as IS 2062 E250 or SS400?

No. E250 has a 250 MPa yield and a 410 MPa tensile minimum. SS400 has a 245 MPa yield and limits only phosphorus and sulphur. They are the closest Indian and Japanese grades, not identical.

What was S235JR called before?

St 37-2 in DIN, Fe 360 B in EN 10025:1990 and 40B in BS 4360. St 37-3 and 40C/40D correspond to the impact-tested S235J0 and S235J2.

Is S235JR weldable?

Yes. Carbon is limited to 0.17 % and CEV to 0.35 % up to 40 mm, so it welds readily without preheat in normal thicknesses.

From the Corona catalog

Products listed with S235JR

קונסטרוקציות קרקעיות ומרישים

קונסטרוקציות קרקעיות

רכיבים: חתכים מעוצבים בקור וייצור לפי הזמנה: עמודים, קורות משופעות, מרישים, חיזוקים, פלטות בסיס · עמודים: צינור עגול 60, 75, 89, 114 mm; חתכי C וחתכי סיגמה לפי תכנון

מפרט טכני
פתחו פנייה

Keep reading

A36 / S275JR / E250ASTM A36, EN S275JR, IS 2062 E250 and JIS SS400 are the general-purpose hot-rolled structural steels of the USA, Europe, India and Japan, with a minimum yield of roughly 245–275 MPa (36–40 ksi).S355J2S355J2 is a common higher-strength structural steel of EN 10025-2, with a minimum yield of 355 MPa (51 ksi) up to 16 mm and a tensile strength of 470–630 MPa.Structural steel gradesStructural steel grades in the USA, UK, EU, India and Japan line up by minimum yield strength: about 250 MPa (A36, S235/S275, E250, SS400), about 350 MPa (A572 Grade 50 / A992, S355, E350, SM490) and about 410–450 MPa (A572 Grade 60/65, S450, E410/E450, SM570).EN 10027 names and numbersEuropean steels carry two identifiers under EN 10027: a steel name (Part 1) such as S235JR, C45 or 42CrMo4 that describes the steel's use or chemistry, and a material number (Part 2) such as 1.0503 or 1.7225.JIS steel designationsJapanese JIS steel symbols start with S for steel and add letters for the steel family or its use, but the number means different things in different standards.1015 / C15E1015 is a low-carbon steel with about 0.15 % carbon, used for case-hardened pins and shafts, cold-formed parts and welded work.

References

Sources

  1. Arvedi: Non-alloyed structural steels as per EN 10025-2 — S235 and S355: material numbers, 2004-edition composition and CEV, yield, tensile, elongation, Charpy and the legacy DIN / BS / ASTM cross-reference.
  2. Saarstahl: declaration of performance, flat steel S235JR / 1.0038 to EN 10025-2:2019 — Current-edition limits: P and S, CEV by thickness, yield, tensile, elongation, Charpy.
  3. Metinvest: S235JR steel grade — Yield by thickness and the list of analogues (St 37-2, 40B, IS 226, SM400A, SS400).
  4. AA Steel: ASTM A283 Grade C requirements — A283 Grade C composition and tensile requirements (stockist reproduction).
  5. IS 2062:2011 Hot rolled medium and high tensile structural steel (public copy) — Mechanical properties, Charpy and the CE formula. The text layer of Table 1 is garbled, so chemistry per grade is cross-checked with mill sources.
  6. Tata Steel DigECA: IS 2062 E250, E350, E410 steel grades guide — E250, E350, E410 limits and impact qualities (A, BR, B0, C).
  7. Nippon Steel: product catalogue, JIS G 3101 and JIS G 3106 tables — SS400, SM400, SM490, SM520 composition, yield, tensile and elongation to 16 mm.
  8. Tokyo Metropolitan Government: construction materials specification, JIS G 3106:2024 welded structural steel — SM400, SM490, SM520: composition, yield and elongation by thickness, Charpy.

Values summarize published limits and typical data. The governing standard and the current edition control; check them before specifying.