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Resources/Materials & grades/IS Yst 310

Materials & grades

IS 1161 / IS 4923 Yst 310 structural tube: 310 MPa yield, 450 MPa tensile

Yst 310 is the common Indian structural steel tube grade, with a 310 MPa (45 ksi) minimum yield and a 450 MPa (65 ksi) minimum tensile strength, made to IS 1161 for circular tubes and IS 4923 for square, rectangular and circular hollow sections. ASTM A500 Grade B is the closest US grade; EN 10219 S275J0H or S355J2H and JIS STK400/STK490 are nearby but not equal.

Names by standard

What it is called in each region

RegionSystemDesignationתקןMatch
USAASTMA500 Grade BYield 46 ksi (315 MPa) for all shapes from A500-21 (round was 42 ksi, 290 MPa, in earlier editions), 400 MPa tensile minimum. Closest US structural tube grade.ASTM A500/A500MClosest equivalent
UKBS EN 10219-1S275J0H / S355J2HYst 310 sits between the two: yield above S275 and below S355.BS EN 10219-1Closest equivalent
EUEN 10027-1 nameS275J0HMaterial number 1.0149. 275 MPa yield, 410–560 MPa tensile.EN 10219-1, EN 10210-1Closest equivalent
EN 10027-1 nameS355J2HMaterial number 1.0576. 355 MPa yield, 470–630 MPa tensile, impact tested.EN 10219-1, EN 10210-1Closest equivalent
הודוIS 1161IS 1161 Yst 310Steel tubes for structural purposes (circular). Light, medium and heavy thickness classes.IS 1161:2014Same material
IS 4923IS 4923 Yst 310Hollow steel sections for structural use (square, rectangular, circular).IS 4923:2017Same material
IS 1161 / IS 4923Yst 210 / Yst 240 / Yst 355Other grades in the same standards: 210, 240 and 355 MPa minimum yield. IS 4923 also lists Yst 420 and Yst 460.IS 1161, IS 4923Closest equivalent
JapanJIS G 3444STK400 / STK490Round tubes for general structural use, graded by 400 and 490 MPa tensile minimum.JIS G 3444Closest equivalent
JIS G 3466STKR400Square and rectangular tubes: 245 MPa yield, 400 MPa tensile.JIS G 3466Closest equivalent

On equivalence

  • No foreign grade is identical. A500 Grade B is the nearest US match; EN S275J0H is lower and S355J2H higher on yield, and both European grades are impact tested.
  • Published figures for Indian grades disagree. Phosphorus and sulphur limits are 0.050 % in the Tata Steel brochure and 0.040 % in some databases; elongation figures range from 8 % to 20 % depending on size, edition and source.
  • IS 1161 and IS 4923 are different standards. IS 1161 covers circular tubes, IS 4923 hollow sections; the same Yst grade name appears in both.
  • IS 1161:1998 was replaced by IS 1161:2014; IS 4923:1997 by IS 4923:2017 with amendments. Older drawings may cite the earlier editions.
  • JIS STK400 / STK490 are for round tubes and STKR400 / STKR490 for square tubes; neither lists a 310 MPa grade.
  • Phosphorus and sulphur are shown as ≤0.050 % from Tata Steel; Total Materia and other summaries give ≤0.040 %, probably from a different edition.

Chemical composition

Composition limits, mass %

ElementGrade B (heat analysis)USA · ASTM A500/A500MS275J0H (1.0149), up to 16 mmEU · EN 10219-1Yst 310הודו · IS 4923 / IS 1161 (as given by Tata Steel)STKR400Japan · JIS G 3466
C≤0.26≤0.20—≤0.25
Si————
Mn≤1.35≤1.50——
P≤0.035≤0.035≤0.050≤0.040
S≤0.035≤0.035≤0.050≤0.040
Cu≥0.20 when copper steel is specified———
CEV—≤0.40——

Mechanical properties

Strength and hardness

ConditionTensile strengthYield strengthElongationHardness
As produced (IS 1161 / IS 4923 Yst 210)Specified minimums, for comparisonTata Steel Structura brochure and BIS IS 1161 table≥330 MPa≥48 ksi≥210 MPa≥30.5 ksi——
As produced (IS 1161 / IS 4923 Yst 240)Specified minimums, for comparisonTata Steel Structura brochure and BIS IS 1161 table≥410 MPa≥59 ksi≥240 MPa≥35 ksi——
As produced (IS 1161 / IS 4923 Yst 310)Specified minimums; elongation depends on diameter, thickness and edition (published figures range from 8 % to 20 %) and is not shownTata Steel Structura brochure; Total Materia≥450 MPa≥65 ksi≥310 MPa≥45 ksi——
As produced (IS 1161 Yst 355)Specified minimums, for comparison; from the IS 1161 grade tableIS 1161 as reported in the BIS document and public summaries≥490 MPa≥71 ksi≥355 MPa≥51.5 ksi——
Cold formed (ASTM A500 Grade B, all shapes, A500-21)Specified minimum; round tubing yield was 290 MPa (42 ksi) in editions before 2021ASTM A500 as tabulated by Wikipedia and Atlas Tube≥400 MPa≥58 ksi≥315 MPa≥46 ksi23 %—
Cold formed (EN 10219-1 S275J0H)Specified, wall 3–16 mm; 27 J at 0 °CEN 10219-1 as declared by Marcegaglia410–560 MPa59–81 ksi≥275 MPa≥40 ksi20 %—
Cold formed (JIS G 3466 STKR400)Specified minimums; No. 5 test pieceJIS G 3466 as listed by Nippon Steel Kenzai≥400 MPa≥58 ksi≥245 MPa≥35.5 ksi23 %—

In practice

Behaviour, heat treatment and uses

Characteristics

  • The grade name gives the minimum yield in MPa: Yst 210, 240, 310 and 355. IS 4923:2017 Amendment 2 added Yst 420 and Yst 460.
  • IS 1161 covers circular tubes made hot finished or cold formed, in light, medium and heavy thickness series; IS 4923 covers square, rectangular and circular hollow sections.
  • Composition is controlled mainly through sulphur and phosphorus; neither standard sets a carbon equivalent in the data found, so check mill certificates for weld procedures.
  • No impact (Charpy) requirement in the grade name, unlike J0H and J2H in EN 10219.
  • IS 4923 Amendment 2 says welded sections are made from IS 2062 steel (Yst 210 from strip agreed with the buyer) and adds galvanizing coating requirements in Annex B.

Heat treatment

  • Delivered hot finished or cold formed; no heat treatment is required by grade.
  • Cold-formed corners are work-hardened; weld procedures and bend radii follow the supplier's data.
  • Structural tubes are often hot-dip galvanized for outdoor use; coating mass is specified in IS 4923 Annex B.

שימושים אופייניים

  • Building frames, trusses and space frames
  • Bridge, tower and mast structures
  • Scaffolding, shelving and machinery frames
  • Greenhouse, solar mounting and general fabrication

Pipe and tube steels

Similar grades compared

דרגהC %Mn %Cr %Ni %Tensile, first listed condition
IS Yst 310≤0.26≤1.35——≥330 MPa
A500 Grade B / C≤0.26≤1.35——≥400 MPa
S355J2H≤0.23≤1.35——470–630 MPa
A53 Grade B≤0.30≤1.20≤0.40≤0.40≥415 MPa
A106 Grade B≤0.300.29–1.06≤0.40≤0.40≥415 MPa
API 5L X42 / L290≤0.28≤1.30≤0.50≤0.50≥415 MPa
API 5L X52 / L360≤0.28≤1.40≤0.50≤0.50≥460 MPa
API 5L X60 / L415≤0.28≤1.40≤0.50≤0.50≥520 MPa
API 5L X65 / L450≤0.28≤1.40≤0.50≤0.50≥535 MPa
API 5L X70 / L485≤0.28≤1.40≤0.50≤0.50≥570 MPa

Composition from the US standard where one exists, otherwise the first standard listed on each grade's page. Strength conditions differ between grades; open a grade for its full table.

תשובות לשאלות

Common questions

What is Yst 310?

An Indian structural steel tube grade with a 310 MPa minimum yield and 450 MPa minimum tensile strength. It is made to IS 1161 for circular tubes and IS 4923 for hollow sections.

What is the difference between IS 1161 and IS 4923?

IS 1161 covers circular steel tubes for structural purposes. IS 4923 covers square, rectangular and circular hollow steel sections. Both use the same Yst grade names.

What is the ASTM equivalent of IS Yst 310?

ASTM A500 Grade B is the closest, with 315 MPa yield and 400 MPa tensile minimums. It is not identical: A500 sets different chemistry and elongation.

What is the EN equivalent of Yst 310?

None exactly. S275J0H has a lower yield (275 MPa) and S355J2H a higher one (355 MPa). Both European grades also have impact requirements that Yst 310 does not.

What do light, medium and heavy mean for IS 1161 tubes?

They are wall thickness series for a given outside diameter. Heavy tubes have the thickest wall; the thickness tables are in the standard.

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פתחו פנייה

Keep reading

A500 Grade B / CASTM A500 covers cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing in rounds and shapes; Grade C is the usual choice for US hollow structural sections (HSS), with a 345 MPa (50 ksi) minimum yield for all shapes since the 2021 edition (round tubes were 315 MPa, 46 ksi, before).S355J2HS355J2H (1.0576) is the standard European structural hollow section grade: a non-alloy steel with 355 MPa minimum yield, 470–630 MPa tensile strength and 27 J impact energy at −20 °C, made cold formed to EN 10219-1 or hot finished to EN 10210-1.A53 Grade BASTM A53 Grade B is the general-purpose US carbon steel pipe for water, gas, air and low-pressure steam, supplied black or hot-dip galvanized, welded (Type E) or seamless (Type S), with a 240 MPa (35 ksi) minimum yield and 415 MPa (60 ksi) minimum tensile strength.A36 / S275JR / E250ASTM A36, EN S275JR, IS 2062 E250 and JIS SS400 are the general-purpose hot-rolled structural steels of the USA, Europe, India and Japan, with a minimum yield of roughly 245–275 MPa (36–40 ksi).Structural steel gradesStructural steel grades in the USA, UK, EU, India and Japan line up by minimum yield strength: about 250 MPa (A36, S235/S275, E250, SS400), about 350 MPa (A572 Grade 50 / A992, S355, E350, SM490) and about 410–450 MPa (A572 Grade 60/65, S450, E410/E450, SM570).Galvanizing standardsHot-dip galvanizing is specified by ASTM A123 (fabrications), A153 (hardware) and A767 (rebar) in the USA, EN ISO 1461 in the UK and EU, IS 4759 in India and JIS H 8641 in Japan.

References

Sources

  1. Tata Steel: YST 310 / Structura brochure — YST 210/240/310 yield and UTS; S and P limits; IS 4923 and IS 1161 coverage.
  2. BIS: Guidelines for Amendment No. 2 to IS 4923:2017 — Grades Yst 210 to 460; welded sections to IS 2062; galvanizing annex.
  3. BIS: IS 1161 scope and status — Edition status; hot-finished and ERW tubes.
  4. Total Materia: IS YSt 310 — Yield, tensile and P/S limits as listed by Total Materia.
  5. Wikipedia: ASTM A500
  6. Atlas Tube: ASTM A252 vs A500 steel grade comparison
  7. Marcegaglia: S275J0H EN 10219-1 declaration of performance
  8. Nippon Steel Kenzai: STKR400 / STKR490 (JIS G 3466)
  9. InfraLens: IS 1161:2014 summary — Scope and Yst 310 figures (C 0.22 and S 0.040 max, elongation 20 %); cross-check only.
  10. BeamDimensions: IS 1161 and IS 4923 steel properties — Y St 355: 355 MPa yield, 490 MPa tensile.

Values summarize published limits and typical data. The governing standard and the current edition control; check them before specifying.