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Resources/Materials & grades/1030 / C30

Materials & grades

1030 / C30 / S30C medium-carbon steel: equivalents 30C8, 080M30 (EN5) and C30E

1030 is a plain medium-carbon steel with about 0.30 % carbon and 0.60–0.90 % manganese, used hot rolled, normalized or quenched and tempered for shafts, studs and general machined parts. Its close equivalents are C30 / C30E (1.0528 / 1.1178) in Europe, 080M30 (old EN5) in the UK, 30C8 in India and S30C in Japan.

Names by standard

What it is called in each region

RegionSystemDesignationStandardMatch
USAAISI/SAE1030Composition limits shown are SAE J403 (P ≤0.030 %). ASTM A29 and older AISI tables give P ≤0.040 %.SAE J403; ASTM A29 / A108Same material
UNSG10300—Same material
UKBS 970080M30Listed against 1030 and C30 by Misumi and Alan Bright Steel. Manganese 0.60–1.00 % against 0.60–0.90 % for 1030. BS 970 has been withdrawn in favour of European standards.BS 970-1Closest equivalent
BS 970080A30Composition-specified variant: carbon 0.26–0.34 %, manganese 0.70–0.90 % (Total Materia).BS 970-3:1991Closest equivalent
BS 970 (1955 EN series)EN5Superseded 1955 name for 080M30 per Total Materia. Some tables give EN6 for 080M30 and EN5B for 080A30; the sources disagree.—Closest equivalent
EUEN 10027-1 nameC30Carbon 0.27–0.34 %, manganese 0.50–0.80 %.EN ISO 683-1 (formerly EN 10083-2)Equivalent
EN 10027-2 number1.0528Material number of C30.EN ISO 683-1Equivalent
EN 10027-1 nameC30E (1.1178) / C30R (1.1179)Variants with tighter phosphorus and sulphur (E) or a controlled sulphur range (R).EN ISO 683-1Equivalent
DIN (legacy)Ck30 / Cm30Superseded German names for C30E and C30R.—Equivalent
IndiaIS 157030C8Carbon 0.25–0.35 %, manganese 0.60–0.90 %.IS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1)Closest equivalent
IS 1570 (old designation)C30Superseded Indian name for 30C8.—Closest equivalent
JapanJIS G 4051S30CCarbon 0.27–0.33 %, a narrower range than 1030.JIS G 4051Closest equivalent

On equivalence

  • 1030 and C30 are close equivalents, not the same specification. C30 allows 0.27 % minimum carbon and 0.50–0.80 % manganese against 1030's 0.28–0.34 % C and 0.60–0.90 % Mn. EN ISO 683-1 also specifies mechanical properties by condition and size.
  • C30 and C30E carry different EN numbers: 1.0528 for C30 and 1.1178 for C30E. The E grade has tighter phosphorus and sulphur limits (≤0.030 % P, ≤0.035 % S).
  • UK sources disagree on the old EN number. Total Materia gives EN5 for 080M30; Roymech lists EN5/EN6 and Alan Bright Steel gives EN6. 080A30, supplied to composition only, is a separate BS 970 grade.
  • Indian 30C8 under IS 1570 fixes only carbon and manganese; silicon, phosphorus and sulphur come from the product standard ordered. The old Indian name C30 is not the same as EN C30 in its manganese limits.
  • The S30C silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulphur limits shown here are the common JIS G 4051 limits for the S25C–S58C series, confirmed for S45C and S50C from a reference and a secondary source. The carbon, chromium and chromium-plus-nickel limits are from Total Materia (JIS G 4051:2023).

Chemical composition

Composition limits, mass %

Element1030USA · SAE J403080A30UK · BS 970-3:1991EN5 (080M30)UK · BS 970 (1955 EN series)C30 (1.0528)EU · EN 10083-2 / EN ISO 683-1C30E (1.1178)EU · EN 10083-2 / EN ISO 683-130C8India · IS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):1979S30CJapan · JIS G 4051
C0.28–0.340.26–0.340.25–0.350.27–0.340.27–0.340.25–0.350.27–0.33
Si———≤0.40≤0.40—0.15–0.35
Mn0.60–0.900.70–0.900.60–1.000.50–0.800.50–0.800.60–0.900.60–0.90
P≤0.030—≤0.060≤0.045≤0.030—≤0.030
S≤0.050——≤0.045≤0.035—≤0.035
Cr—≤0.30—≤0.40≤0.40—≤0.20
Ni———≤0.40≤0.40——
Mo———≤0.10≤0.10——
Cr+Mo+Ni———≤0.63≤0.63——
Cr+Ni——————≤0.35

Mechanical properties

Strength and hardness

ConditionTensile strengthYield strengthElongationHardness
Hot rolled (1030)Estimated minimum, bars about 19–32 mm (3/4–1-1/4 in), SAE J1397 basisSAE J1397 estimates as published by ICAST470 MPa68 ksi260 MPa38 ksi20 %137 HB
Cold drawn (1030)Estimated minimum, bars about 19–32 mm (3/4–1-1/4 in), SAE J1397 basisSAE J1397 estimates as published by ICAST; AZoM lists 525 / 440 MPa520 MPa75 ksi440 MPa64 ksi12 %149 HB
Hot rolled or normalized (30C8)Specified range, ruling sections up to 150 mmIS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):1979, Table 2500–600 MPa73–87 ksi—21 %—
Hardened and tempered (30C8)Specified, limiting ruling section 30 mmIS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):1979, Table 4600–750 MPa87–109 ksi≥400 MPa≥58 ksi18 %—
Normalized (S30C)JIS G 4051 reference minimums; the standard gives these for guidance, not as acceptance valuesJIS G 4051 reference values (minimums), as reproduced by toishi.info, materialmechanics.work and hayamihyou.net; normalized tensile agrees with Total Materia≥470 MPa≥68 ksi≥285 MPa≥41 ksi≥25 %137–197 HB
Quenched and tempered (S30C)JIS G 4051 reference minimums; the standard gives these for guidance, not as acceptance valuesJIS G 4051 reference values (minimums), as reproduced by toishi.info, materialmechanics.work and hayamihyou.net; normalized tensile agrees with Total Materia≥540 MPa≥78 ksi≥335 MPa≥48 ksi≥23 %152–212 HB

In practice

Behaviour, heat treatment and uses

Characteristics

  • Higher strength than 1020 and 1025 for a modest loss of ductility.
  • Low hardenability: it hardens fully only in thin sections and is usually supplied hot rolled or normalized.
  • Weldable with care. Carbon of about 0.3 % raises the risk of a hard heat-affected zone, so preheat and low-hydrogen practice are advised in thicker sections.
  • Fair machinability: AZoM rates 1030 at 70 on the scale where 1212 is 100.
  • Responds to cold drawing, which lifts yield strength well above the hot-rolled value.

Heat treatment

  • Normalizing: about 850–900 °C (1560–1650 °F) for S30C (Total Materia); 870–910 °C (1600–1670 °F) for C30 (Total Materia). Cool in still air.
  • Hardening: about 850–900 °C (1560–1650 °F) with a water quench for S30C; 850–890 °C (1560–1630 °F) for C30 (Total Materia).
  • Tempering: about 550–650 °C (1020–1200 °F) for S30C and 550–660 °C (1020–1220 °F) for C30, held for at least an hour (Total Materia).
  • Quenching and tempering is limited by hardenability. IS 1570 gives 30 mm as the limiting ruling section for 30C8.

Typical uses

  • Shafts, studs, bolts and nuts
  • Racks, pinions and rollers (listed for 080M30 by Roymech)
  • Forgings and machined parts of moderate strength
  • Cold-drawn bar for general engineering

Carbon steels

Similar grades compared

GradeC %Mn %Cr %Ni %Tensile, first listed condition
1030 / C300.28–0.340.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40470 MPa
1035 / C350.32–0.380.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40500 MPa
1040 / C40 / EN80.37–0.440.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40524 MPa
1045 / C450.43–0.500.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40565 MPa
1050 / C500.48–0.550.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40620 MPa
1055 / C550.50–0.600.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40650 MPa
1008≤0.100.30–0.50——303 MPa
1010 / C10E0.08–0.130.30–0.60≤0.30—320 MPa
1015 / C15E0.13–0.180.30–0.60≤0.30—340 MPa
10180.15–0.200.60–0.90≤0.20—400 MPa

Composition from the US standard where one exists, otherwise the first standard listed on each grade's page. Strength conditions differ between grades; open a grade for its full table.

Questions answered

Common questions

What is the equivalent of 1030 steel?

C30 / C30E (1.0528 / 1.1178) in Europe, 080M30 in the UK, 30C8 in India and S30C in Japan. They are close equivalents with slightly different composition limits, not identical specifications.

Is 1030 the same as C30?

No, but they are close. C30 allows 0.27–0.34 % carbon and 0.50–0.80 % manganese. 1030 has 0.28–0.34 % carbon and 0.60–0.90 % manganese.

What is EN5 steel?

EN5 is the old 1955 British name for 080M30, a medium-carbon steel with about 0.30 % carbon. It is superseded, and sources disagree on whether the number was EN5 or EN6, so check the composition rather than the name.

Is 1030 steel weldable?

Yes, with care. At about 0.30 % carbon it welds more easily than 1045 or 1050 but can form a hard heat-affected zone in thick sections. Preheat and low-hydrogen electrodes reduce the risk of cracking.

Is S30C the same as 1030?

It is a close equivalent. S30C (JIS G 4051) has 0.27–0.33 % carbon and 0.60–0.90 % manganese, which falls inside or very near the 1030 limits.

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Keep reading

1025 / C25E1025 is a low-carbon steel with about 0.25 % carbon, stronger than 1020 and still weldable, used for shafts, studs and forgings.1035 / C351035 is a plain medium-carbon steel with about 0.35 % carbon and 0.60–0.90 % manganese, supplied hot rolled, normalized or quenched and tempered for shafts, studs and forgings.1040 / C40 / EN81040, C40, EN8 (080M40), 40C8 and S40C are closely related medium-carbon steels with about 0.40 % carbon, used for shafts, axles, studs and forgings that need more strength than mild steel.1020 / C22E1020 is a low-carbon steel with about 0.20 % carbon, used for shafts, pins, brackets and welded or case-hardened parts.NormalizingNormalizing heats steel above its upper critical temperature and lets it cool in still air to give a fine, uniform ferrite–pearlite structure.Quenching and temperingQuenching and tempering hardens steel by cooling it rapidly from the austenite range to form martensite, then reheats it below Ac1 to trade some hardness for toughness.SAE / AISI numbersA four-digit SAE/AISI number such as 1045 or 4140 names a carbon or alloy steel by its chemistry: the first two digits identify the steel family and the last two give the nominal carbon content in hundredths of a percent.EN 10027 names and numbersEuropean steels carry two identifiers under EN 10027: a steel name (Part 1) such as S235JR, C45 or 42CrMo4 that describes the steel's use or chemistry, and a material number (Part 2) such as 1.0503 or 1.7225.BS 970 and the EN seriesBS 970 names steels with a six-character code such as 080M40, in which the first three digits give the steel type, the letter says how the steel is specified and the last two digits give the carbon content.IS 1570 and Indian designationsIndian steel names follow the letter-symbol code in IS 1762 (Part 1), which the IS 1570 schedules use: 45C8 means about 0.45% carbon, C for carbon steel and about 0.8% manganese, while alloy names such as 40Cr4Mo3 list each element with a multiplied content figure.JIS steel designationsJapanese JIS steel symbols start with S for steel and add letters for the steel family or its use, but the number means different things in different standards.

References

Sources

  1. IS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):1979 Schedules for wrought steels: carbon steels (public copy) — 30C8 composition, hot-rolled and hardened-and-tempered properties.
  2. AZoM: AISI 1030 Carbon Steel (UNS G10300) — Composition, cold-drawn properties and machinability rating.
  3. ICAST: SAE J403 / SAE J1397 UNS G10300, Hot Rolled — SAE J403 composition and J1397 estimated properties.
  4. ICAST: SAE J403 / SAE J1397 UNS G10300, Cold Drawn
  5. Total Materia: DIN C30 (EN 10083-2) — C30 carbon and chromium limits, heat treatment.
  6. mfgrobots: EN 10083-1 grade C30E — C30E composition. Secondary source.
  7. Total Materia: B.S. 080 A 30 (BS 970-3:1991)
  8. Total Materia: B.S. En5 — EN5 composition and cross-references to 080M30, 30C8 and C30E.
  9. Roymech: BS 970 steels — 080M30 listed as EN5/EN6 with typical uses.
  10. Alan Bright Steel: comparison of world steel standards — BS 970 1955 / 1983 / 1991 to AISI cross-reference.
  11. Total Materia: JIS S30C (JIS G 4051:2023) — C, Cr and Cr+Ni limits, tensile, hardness, heat treatment.
  12. MISUMI: JIS and foreign standards comparison for machine structural steels — S30C against 1030, C30, 080A30 and 080M30.
  13. ASM Alloy Digest: S50C and S53C (JIS G 4051 composition) — Si, Mn, P, S limits common to the JIS S-C series.
  14. toishi.info — JIS S-C carbon steel mechanical properties (normalized and quenched-and-tempered) — S30C, S35C, S50C and S55C pages, read by the independent checker
  15. materialmechanics.work — JIS G 4051 S-C mechanical properties

Values summarize published limits and typical data. The governing standard and the current edition control; check them before specifying.