Materials & grades
ASTM A53 Grade B pipe: equivalents EN 10255 S195T, P235TR2, IS 1239 and JIS SGP
ASTM A53 Grade B is the general-purpose US carbon steel pipe for water, gas, air and low-pressure steam, supplied black or hot-dip galvanized, welded (Type E) or seamless (Type S), with a 240 MPa (35 ksi) minimum yield and 415 MPa (60 ksi) minimum tensile strength. Europe, India and Japan have no identical pipe: EN 10255 S195T, EN 10217-1 P235TR1/TR2, IS 1239 / IS 3589 and JIS G 3452 SGP or G 3454 STPG370 are the closest, and they are weaker or tested differently.
Names by standard
What it is called in each region
| Region | System | Designation | मानक | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USA | ASTM | A53 Grade BType E (electric-resistance welded) and Type S (seamless), black or hot-dip galvanized, NPS 1/8 to NPS 26. Type F (furnace butt-welded) was Grade A only up to the 2020 edition; the 2022 and later editions list it in Grades A and B. | ASTM A53/A53M | Same material |
| UNS | K03005UNS number listed for A53 Grade B in piping codes such as ASME B31.3; confirm against the code edition you use. | — | Same material | |
| ASME | SA-53 Grade BASME adoption of the ASTM specification. The manganese carbon-trade allowance in A53 does not apply to SA-53. | ASME BPVC Section II Part A | Equivalent | |
| ASTM | A106 Grade BSeamless, higher-temperature pipe with a silicon minimum. Same strength levels, tighter composition. See the A106 page. | ASTM A106/A106M | Closest equivalent | |
| UK | BS EN 10255 | S195TThreaded or weldable non-alloy steel tubes for water, gas and steam. Lower yield (195 MPa) than A53 B. | BS EN 10255 | Closest equivalent |
| BS 1387 (legacy) | BS 1387 light / medium / heavyWithdrawn and replaced by EN 10255, which keeps the light, medium and heavy classes. Still named in older specifications. | BS 1387:1985 | Closest equivalent | |
| BS EN 10217-1 / 10216-1 | P235TR1 / P235TR2Pressure tubes with specified room-temperature properties; 235 MPa yield, 360–500 MPa tensile. | BS EN 10217-1 (welded), BS EN 10216-1 (seamless) | Closest equivalent | |
| EU | EN 10027-1 name | S195TMaterial number 1.0026. Welded tubes suitable for welding and threading. | EN 10255 | Closest equivalent |
| EN 10027-1 name | P235TR1 / P235TR2Material numbers 1.0254 (TR1) and 1.0255 (TR2). The nearest EU pressure-tube grades to A53 B on yield and tensile range. | EN 10217-1 (welded), EN 10216-1 (seamless) | Closest equivalent | |
| DIN (legacy) | DIN 2440 / DIN 1629 St 37.0Superseded. DIN 2440 was the medium-weight threaded pipe standard now covered by EN 10255; DIN 1629 St 37.0 was a seamless tube grade. | DIN 2440, DIN 1629 | Closest equivalent | |
| भारत | IS 1239 (Part 1) | Mild steel tubes (light, medium, heavy)Indian standard for plain-end and threaded mild steel tubes for water, gas, steam and air. Closest to A53 for general-service pipe; it is not graded as B. | IS 1239 (Part 1) | Closest equivalent |
| IS 3589 | Fe 410Seamless or electrically welded pipes, 168.3 to 2540 mm outside diameter, mostly for large-bore water and general service. | IS 3589 | Closest equivalent | |
| Japan | JIS G 3452 | SGPLow-pressure piping (steam, water, oil, gas, air). Only phosphorus and sulphur are limited, and no yield is specified. | JIS G 3452 | Closest equivalent |
| JIS G 3454 | STPG370Carbon steel pipe for pressure service, graded by 370 MPa tensile minimum and supplied by schedule. The closer Japanese match to A53 B for pressure piping. | JIS G 3454 | Closest equivalent |
On equivalence
- No European, Indian or Japanese grade is identical to A53 Grade B; every cross-region name here is closest.
- EN 10255 S195T is a threading and low-pressure pipe grade with 195 MPa yield. P235TR1/TR2 (EN 10217-1 or 10216-1) has 235 MPa yield and 360–500 MPa tensile, so it is the nearer European pressure-pipe match, but A53 B asks for 415 MPa tensile.
- BS 1387 is withdrawn. Its light, medium and heavy classes continue in EN 10255.
- JIS G 3452 SGP has no yield requirement and limits only phosphorus and sulphur. STPG370 (JIS G 3454) is graded by a 370 MPa tensile minimum, which is below A53 B's 415 MPa.
- Indian practice varies: IS 1239 (Part 1) covers water, gas and steam tubes by thickness class, and IS 3589 covers large-diameter pipe. Neither carries an A/B grade split, so check the specified minimums.
- Published cross-reference charts disagree, and the secondary tabulation of IS 3589 used here should be checked against the standard before it is cited.
Chemical composition
Composition limits, mass %
| Element | Grade B, Types E and SUSA · ASTM A53/A53M | S195T (1.0026), wall up to 5.4 mmEU · EN 10255 | SGPJapan · JIS G 3452 |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | ≤0.30 | ≤0.20 | — |
| Si | — | — | — |
| Mn | ≤1.20 | ≤1.40 | — |
| P | ≤0.05 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.040 |
| S | ≤0.045 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.040 |
| Cr | ≤0.40 | — | — |
| Ni | ≤0.40 | — | — |
| Mo | ≤0.15 | — | — |
| V | ≤0.08 | — | — |
| Cu | ≤0.40 | — | — |
Mechanical properties
Strength and hardness
| Condition | Tensile strength | Yield strength | Elongation | Hardness |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| As produced (A53 Grade B, Types E and S)Specified minimum; elongation is set by a formula from wall thickness and specimen area, so it is not a single numberASTM A53/A53M as reported by Wermac and ASME B31.3 allowable-stress tables | ≥415 MPa≥60 ksi | ≥240 MPa≥35 ksi | — | — |
| As produced (EN 10255 S195T)Specified, wall up to 5.4 mm; longitudinal elongationEN 10255 as declared by Tata Steel UK | 320–520 MPa46–75 ksi | ≥195 MPa≥28 ksi | ≥20 % | — |
| As produced (EN 10217-1 P235TR2)Specified; longitudinal elongationEN 10217-1 as declared by Marcegaglia | 360–500 MPa52–73 ksi | ≥235 MPa≥34 ksi | ≥25 % | — |
| As produced (JIS G 3452 SGP)Specified; tensile minimum only, no yield; elongation for No. 11 test piece, wall over 3 to 8 mm; the Maruichi mill catalogue lists 24–30 % depending on wall thickness and test-piece directionJIS G 3452 as summarised by Wermac | ≥290 MPa≥42 ksi | — | ≥30 % | — |
| As produced (IS 3589 Fe 410)Specified minimums as tabulated by a secondary summary; confirm against the standardIS 3589 as tabulated by EPCLand | ≥410 MPa≥59 ksi | ≥235 MPa≥34 ksi | ≥18 % | — |
In practice
Behaviour, heat treatment and uses
Characteristics
- Grade B is the stronger of the two A53 grades (Grade A is 205 MPa yield, 330 MPa tensile).
- Type E is electric-resistance welded and Type S is seamless; both have the same composition and strength limits in Grade B. Type F furnace-welded pipe was Grade A only up to the 2020 edition; the 2022 and later editions add Grade B.
- Available black or hot-dip galvanized; galvanized pipe is common for water and fire-protection lines.
- Tested by tensile, bend and flattening tests; weldable and formable with ordinary shop practice.
- Not intended for high-temperature service; use A106 Grade B or an alloy pipe where design temperature or pressure class demands it.
Heat treatment
- Supplied as welded (Type E) or hot-finished or cold-drawn (Type S); no further heat treatment is required of the pipe body.
- The specification requires the weld seam of Type E Grade B pipe to be heat treated or otherwise free of untempered martensite.
- Welding in the field follows the project's welding procedure; wall thickness and ambient temperature decide preheat.
सामान्य उपयोग
- Water, gas, air and low-pressure steam lines
- Fire-protection and sprinkler piping (often galvanized)
- Structural and mechanical tubing, handrails and piling in non-critical service
- Process piping at moderate temperature and pressure
Pipe and tube steels
Similar grades compared
| ग्रेड | C % | Mn % | Cr % | Ni % | Tensile, first listed condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A53 Grade B | ≤0.30 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.40 | ≥415 MPa |
| A106 Grade B | ≤0.30 | 0.29–1.06 | ≤0.40 | ≤0.40 | ≥415 MPa |
| API 5L X42 / L290 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.30 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.50 | ≥415 MPa |
| API 5L X52 / L360 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.50 | ≥460 MPa |
| API 5L X60 / L415 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.50 | ≥520 MPa |
| API 5L X65 / L450 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.50 | ≥535 MPa |
| API 5L X70 / L485 | ≤0.28 | ≤1.40 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.50 | ≥570 MPa |
| A500 Grade B / C | ≤0.26 | ≤1.35 | — | — | ≥400 MPa |
| IS Yst 310 | ≤0.26 | ≤1.35 | — | — | ≥330 MPa |
| S355J2H | ≤0.23 | ≤1.35 | — | — | 470–630 MPa |
Composition from the US standard where one exists, otherwise the first standard listed on each grade's page. Strength conditions differ between grades; open a grade for its full table.
आपके सवालों के जवाब
Common questions
What is the equivalent of ASTM A53 Grade B in EN?
There is no identical grade. EN 10255 S195T is the nearest threaded pipe grade, and EN 10217-1 or 10216-1 P235TR1/TR2 is the nearer pressure-pipe match. Both have lower strength minimums than A53 B.
Is A53 Grade B the same as A106 Grade B?
No. They share the 240 MPa yield and 415 MPa tensile minimums, but A106 B is seamless only, requires a silicon minimum (0.10 %) and has tighter limits, and is intended for higher temperatures. A53 B may be welded or seamless.
What do Type E, Type S and Type F mean in A53?
Type E is electric-resistance welded pipe, Type S is seamless, and Type F is furnace butt-welded. Grade B is made as Type E or Type S; Type F Grade B was added in the 2022 edition, and earlier editions list Type F in Grade A only.
Is ASTM A53 B the same as IS 1239?
No. IS 1239 (Part 1) is an Indian specification for mild steel tubes by thickness class. It is the usual Indian pairing for general service pipe, but it has no Grade A or B and different strength limits.
Is JIS SGP equivalent to A53 Grade B?
Only loosely. SGP is a low-pressure piping standard with a 290 MPa tensile minimum and no yield requirement, so it is weaker than A53 B. STPG370 is closer for pressure piping.
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Related references
References
Sources
- ASTM A53/A53M: Pipe, steel, black and hot-dipped, zinc-coated, welded and seamless — Scope, types and grades; the specification is copyrighted.
- Wermac: ASTM A53 (composition by type and grade, scope)
- Tata Steel UK: EN 10255 S195T declaration of performance — Composition, yield, tensile and elongation for wall up to 5.4 mm.
- Marcegaglia: EN 10217-1 P235TR2 declaration of performance — Yield, tensile and elongation.
- Wermac: JIS G 3452 SGP — P and S limits, tensile minimum, elongation, scope.
- Parker Steel: S195T declaration of performance — Cross-check of EN 10255 values.
- EPCLand: IS 3589 pipe grades (Fe 330, Fe 410, Fe 450) — Source of the IS 3589 minimums; Fe 410 values also match InfraLens and the 2001-edition values in a BHEL tender specification, but not checked against the standard itself.
- ASTM A53/A53M-24: scope, types and grades — Section 1.2 lists Type F, Type E and Type S each in Grades A and B.
- ASTM A53/A53M-20: scope, types and grades — Section 1.2 lists Type F in Grade A only (same in A53-18).
- Atlas Tube: Understanding HSS specifications (2023 training deck) — A53-22 types and grades; yield comparison with A500.
- Total Materia: ASTM A 53 Type F Grade B (A53/A53M:2024) — Type F Grade B exists in the 2024 edition; carbon 0.30 max.
- Hard Hat Engineer: ASTM A53 grades, types and dimensions — Cross-check of Grade A and B composition and strength minimums (older Type F wording).
- Maruichi Steel Tube: JIS G 3452 SGP and G 3454 STPG piping steel pipe catalogue — SGP: P and S 0.040 max, tensile 290 min, no yield; STPG370: C 0.25 max, tensile 370 and yield 215 min.
- InfraLens: IS 3589 summary — Fe 410: 410 MPa tensile, 235 MPa yield, 18 % elongation, P and S 0.040 max; cross-check of the EPCLand figures.
Values summarize published limits and typical data. The governing standard and the current edition control; check them before specifying.