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Corona Steelस्थापना वर्ष 1955
Resources/Materials & grades/1035 / C35

Materials & grades

1035 / C35 / S35C medium-carbon steel: equivalents 35C8, 080M36 and C35E

1035 is a plain medium-carbon steel with about 0.35 % carbon and 0.60–0.90 % manganese, supplied hot rolled, normalized or quenched and tempered for shafts, studs and forgings. Its close equivalents are C35 / C35E (1.0501 / 1.1181) in Europe, 080M36 in the UK, 35C8 in India and S35C in Japan.

Names by standard

What it is called in each region

RegionSystemDesignationमानकMatch
USAAISI/SAE1035Composition limits shown are SAE J403 (P ≤0.030 %). ASTM A29 and older AISI tables give P ≤0.040 %.SAE J403; ASTM A29 / A108Same material
UNSG10350—Same material
UKBS 970080M36Listed against 1035 and C35E by Ovako, Alan Bright Steel and an EN 10083 cross-reference table. No composition could be confirmed from a free source.BS 970-1Closest equivalent
BS 970080A35Composition-specified variant listed against 1035 and C35R (Cm35).BS 970-3:1991Closest equivalent
BS 970 (1955 EN series)EN8A (080A35)Superseded name listed by Alan Bright Steel for 080A35. Not the same as EN8, which is 080M40 (see 1040).—Closest equivalent
EUEN 10027-1 nameC35Carbon 0.32–0.39 %, manganese 0.50–0.80 %.EN ISO 683-1 (formerly EN 10083-2)Equivalent
EN 10027-2 number1.0501Material number of C35.EN ISO 683-1Equivalent
EN 10027-1 nameC35E (1.1181) / C35R (1.1180)Variants with tighter phosphorus and sulphur (E) or a controlled sulphur range (R).EN ISO 683-1Equivalent
DIN (legacy)Ck35 / Cm35Superseded German names for C35E and C35R.—Equivalent
भारतIS 157035C8Carbon 0.30–0.40 %, manganese 0.60–0.90 %.IS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1)Closest equivalent
IS 157035C4Same carbon but a lower manganese range of 0.30–0.60 %.IS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1)Closest equivalent
IS 1570 (old designation)C35Mn75 (35C8) / C35 (35C4)Superseded Indian names. Old C35 means 35C4, with low manganese, not EN C35.—Closest equivalent
JapanJIS G 4051S35CCarbon 0.32–0.38 %, the same as 1035.JIS G 4051Closest equivalent

On equivalence

  • 1035 and C35 are close equivalents, not the same specification. C35 allows 0.32–0.39 % carbon and 0.50–0.80 % manganese against 1035's 0.32–0.38 % C and 0.60–0.90 % Mn. EN ISO 683-1 also specifies mechanical properties by condition and size.
  • C35 and C35E carry different EN numbers: 1.0501 for C35 and 1.1181 for C35E. The R grade (1.1180, formerly Cm35) has a controlled sulphur range.
  • UK sources disagree on the British name. 080M36 is listed against 1035 and C35E, while 080A35 (and old EN8A) is a composition-only variant. 080M36 has no widely agreed 1955 EN number.
  • Indian 35C8 (Mn 0.60–0.90 %) is the closer match to 1035. 35C4 has only 0.30–0.60 % manganese, and its old Indian name C35 is not the same as EN C35.
  • Indian 35C8 fixes only carbon and manganese; silicon, phosphorus and sulphur come from the product standard ordered.
  • The S35C silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulphur limits shown here are the common JIS G 4051 limits for the S25C–S58C series, confirmed for S45C and S50C from a reference and a secondary source. The carbon, chromium and chromium-plus-nickel limits are from Total Materia (JIS G 4051:2023).

Chemical composition

Composition limits, mass %

Element1035USA · SAE J403C35 (1.0501)EU · EN 10083-2 / EN ISO 683-1C35E (1.1181)EU · EN 10083-2 / EN ISO 683-135C8भारत · IS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):197935C4भारत · IS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):1979S35CJapan · JIS G 4051
C0.32–0.380.32–0.390.32–0.390.30–0.400.30–0.400.32–0.38
Si—≤0.40≤0.40——0.15–0.35
Mn0.60–0.900.50–0.800.50–0.800.60–0.900.30–0.600.60–0.90
P≤0.030≤0.045≤0.030——≤0.030
S≤0.050≤0.045≤0.035——≤0.035
Cr—≤0.40≤0.40——≤0.20
Ni—≤0.40≤0.40———
Mo—≤0.10≤0.10———
Cr+Mo+Ni—≤0.63≤0.63———
Cr+Ni—————≤0.35

Mechanical properties

Strength and hardness

ConditionTensile strengthYield strengthElongationHardness
Hot rolled (1035)Estimated minimum, bars about 19–32 mm (3/4–1-1/4 in), SAE J1397 basisSAE J1397 estimates as published by ICAST500 MPa73 ksi270 MPa39 ksi18 %143 HB
Cold drawn (1035)Estimated minimum, bars about 19–32 mm (3/4–1-1/4 in), SAE J1397 basisSAE J1397 estimates as published by ICAST550 MPa80 ksi460 MPa67 ksi12 %163 HB
As rolled (C35E)Round bar 20–90 mm, mill datasheet valuesOvako Steel Navigator, C35520–690 MPa75–100 ksi≥345 MPa≥50 ksi19 %165–220 HB
Normalized +N (C35 / C35E)Specified minimum, d 16–100 mmEN 10083-2 as tabulated by Roymech≥520 MPa≥75 ksi≥270 MPa≥39 ksi19 %—
Quenched and tempered +QT (C35 / C35E)Specified, d 16–40 mmEN 10083-2 as tabulated by Roymech600–750 MPa87–109 ksi≥380 MPa≥55 ksi19 %—
Hot rolled or normalized (35C8)Specified range, ruling sections up to 150 mmIS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):1979, Table 2550–650 MPa80–94 ksi—20 %—
Hardened and tempered (35C8)Specified, limiting ruling section 63 mmIS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):1979, Table 4600–750 MPa87–109 ksi≥400 MPa≥58 ksi18 %—
Normalized (S35C)JIS G 4051 reference minimums; the standard gives these for guidance, not as acceptance valuesJIS G 4051 reference values (minimums), as reproduced by toishi.info, materialmechanics.work and hayamihyou.net; normalized tensile agrees with Total Materia≥510 MPa≥73 ksi≥305 MPa≥44 ksi≥23 %149–207 HB
Quenched and tempered (S35C)JIS G 4051 reference minimums; the standard gives these for guidance, not as acceptance valuesJIS G 4051 reference values (minimums), as reproduced by toishi.info, materialmechanics.work and hayamihyou.net; normalized tensile agrees with Total Materia≥570 MPa≥82 ksi≥390 MPa≥56 ksi≥22 %167–235 HB

In practice

Behaviour, heat treatment and uses

Characteristics

  • Strength and wear resistance between 1030 and 1045, with good toughness in the normalized condition.
  • Low hardenability: through hardening is limited to small sections, and IS 1570 gives 63 mm as the limiting ruling section for 35C8.
  • Can be flame or induction hardened for a harder surface over an unchanged core.
  • Weldable with care. Preheat and low-hydrogen practice reduce the risk of cracking in thick sections.
  • Fair machinability: AZoM rates 1035 at 65 on the scale where 1212 is 100.

Heat treatment

  • Normalizing: about 840–890 °C (1545–1635 °F) for S35C (Total Materia). Cool in still air.
  • Hardening: about 840–890 °C (1545–1635 °F) with a water quench for S35C (Total Materia).
  • Tempering: about 550–650 °C (1020–1200 °F) for S35C (Total Materia). Choose the temperature for the strength needed.
  • Quenching and tempering is limited by hardenability. EN ISO 683-1 values apply to sections up to 100 mm.

सामान्य उपयोग

  • Shafts, axles and spindles of moderate strength
  • Studs, bolts, nuts and levers
  • Forgings and machined parts
  • Cold-drawn bar for general engineering

Carbon steels

Similar grades compared

ग्रेडC %Mn %Cr %Ni %Tensile, first listed condition
1035 / C350.32–0.380.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40500 MPa
1030 / C300.28–0.340.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40470 MPa
1040 / C40 / EN80.37–0.440.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40524 MPa
1045 / C450.43–0.500.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40565 MPa
1050 / C500.48–0.550.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40620 MPa
1055 / C550.50–0.600.60–0.90≤0.40≤0.40650 MPa
1008≤0.100.30–0.50——303 MPa
1010 / C10E0.08–0.130.30–0.60≤0.30—320 MPa
1015 / C15E0.13–0.180.30–0.60≤0.30—340 MPa
10180.15–0.200.60–0.90≤0.20—400 MPa

Composition from the US standard where one exists, otherwise the first standard listed on each grade's page. Strength conditions differ between grades; open a grade for its full table.

आपके सवालों के जवाब

Common questions

What is the equivalent of 1035 steel?

C35 / C35E (1.0501 / 1.1181) in Europe, 080M36 in the UK, 35C8 in India and S35C in Japan. They are close equivalents with slightly different composition limits, not identical specifications.

Is 1035 the same as C35?

No, but they are close. C35 has 0.32–0.39 % carbon and 0.50–0.80 % manganese. 1035 has 0.32–0.38 % carbon and 0.60–0.90 % manganese.

What is the difference between C35 and C35E?

C35E (1.1181, old Ck35) has the same carbon and manganese as C35 (1.0501) but tighter limits on phosphorus and sulphur: ≤0.030 % P and ≤0.035 % S instead of ≤0.045 % each.

What is the difference between 1035 and 1045?

1045 has more carbon (0.43–0.50 % against 0.32–0.38 %), so it is stronger and harder after heat treatment but less ductile and harder to weld. 1035 is easier to machine and weld.

Is S35C equivalent to 1035?

Yes, as a close equivalent. S35C (JIS G 4051) has 0.32–0.38 % carbon and 0.60–0.90 % manganese, the same limits as 1035.

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1030 / C301030 is a plain medium-carbon steel with about 0.30 % carbon and 0.60–0.90 % manganese, used hot rolled, normalized or quenched and tempered for shafts, studs and general machined parts.1040 / C40 / EN81040, C40, EN8 (080M40), 40C8 and S40C are closely related medium-carbon steels with about 0.40 % carbon, used for shafts, axles, studs and forgings that need more strength than mild steel.1045 / C451045 is a medium-carbon steel with about 0.45 % carbon, supplied hot rolled, normalized or quenched and tempered for shafts, pins, gears and forgings.1025 / C25E1025 is a low-carbon steel with about 0.25 % carbon, stronger than 1020 and still weldable, used for shafts, studs and forgings.NormalizingNormalizing heats steel above its upper critical temperature and lets it cool in still air to give a fine, uniform ferrite–pearlite structure.Quenching and temperingQuenching and tempering hardens steel by cooling it rapidly from the austenite range to form martensite, then reheats it below Ac1 to trade some hardness for toughness.AnnealingAnnealing heats steel to a set temperature, holds it and cools it slowly to make it softer, more ductile and easier to machine or cold form.SAE / AISI numbersA four-digit SAE/AISI number such as 1045 or 4140 names a carbon or alloy steel by its chemistry: the first two digits identify the steel family and the last two give the nominal carbon content in hundredths of a percent.EN 10027 names and numbersEuropean steels carry two identifiers under EN 10027: a steel name (Part 1) such as S235JR, C45 or 42CrMo4 that describes the steel's use or chemistry, and a material number (Part 2) such as 1.0503 or 1.7225.BS 970 and the EN seriesBS 970 names steels with a six-character code such as 080M40, in which the first three digits give the steel type, the letter says how the steel is specified and the last two digits give the carbon content.IS 1570 and Indian designationsIndian steel names follow the letter-symbol code in IS 1762 (Part 1), which the IS 1570 schedules use: 45C8 means about 0.45% carbon, C for carbon steel and about 0.8% manganese, while alloy names such as 40Cr4Mo3 list each element with a multiplied content figure.JIS steel designationsJapanese JIS steel symbols start with S for steel and add letters for the steel family or its use, but the number means different things in different standards.

References

Sources

  1. IS 1570 (Part 2/Sec 1):1979 Schedules for wrought steels: carbon steels (public copy) — 35C8 and 35C4 composition, hot-rolled and hardened-and-tempered properties.
  2. Roymech: EN 10083 steels for quenching and tempering — C35 / C35E composition and +N / +QT properties.
  3. Ovako Steel Navigator: C35 — C35E as-rolled properties; lists 080M36, Ck35 and 1035 as similar designations.
  4. AZoM: AISI 1035 Carbon Steel (UNS G10350) — Machinability rating.
  5. ICAST: SAE J403 / SAE J1397 UNS G10350, Hot Rolled — J1397 estimated properties. The page lists carbon as 0.28–0.38 %; the SAE J403 range is 0.32–0.38 %.
  6. ICAST: SAE J403 / SAE J1397 UNS G10350, Cold Drawn
  7. Total Materia: JIS S35C (JIS G 4051:2023) — C, Cr and Cr+Ni limits, tensile, hardness, heat treatment.
  8. Alan Bright Steel: comparison of world steel standards — BS 970 1955 / 1983 / 1991 to AISI cross-reference (080A35 as EN8A).
  9. Aceros Temple: EN 10083 cross-reference table — Lists 080M36 against C35E and 1035. Secondary source.
  10. MISUMI: JIS and foreign standards comparison for machine structural steels — S35C against 1035, C35 and C35E.
  11. ASM Alloy Digest: S50C and S53C (JIS G 4051 composition) — Si, Mn, P, S limits common to the JIS S-C series.
  12. toishi.info — JIS S-C carbon steel mechanical properties (normalized and quenched-and-tempered) — S30C, S35C, S50C and S55C pages, read by the independent checker
  13. materialmechanics.work — JIS G 4051 S-C mechanical properties

Values summarize published limits and typical data. The governing standard and the current edition control; check them before specifying.